Learn about all the important components of PCB boards!
In electronic devices, PCB (printed circuit board) is the core component, carrying various electronic components to achieve circuit connection and function. For the purchasers of electronic equipment manufacturers, it is very important to understand the common components on PCB boards.This article will introduce in detail the common types of components and their functions on PCB boards.
1. Resistors
Resistors are one of the most commonly used electronic components on PCB boards. Their main function is to limit the current and play the role of voltage division, current division and current limiting. There are many types of resistors, including fixed resistors, variable resistors (potentiometers), etc. In circuits, resistors are usually represented by the letter R, and the unit is ohm (Ω).
2. Capacitors
Capacitors are components that store electrical energy and consist of two conductive plates and an insulating medium between them. Capacitors play roles in circuits such as coupling, filtering, tuning, and energy storage. According to their uses and structures, capacitors can be divided into different types, such as electrolytic capacitors, ceramic capacitors, polyester capacitors, etc.
3. Inductors
An inductor, also known as an induction coil or choke, is a component that converts electrical energy into magnetic energy and stores it. Inductors are mainly used in circuits for filtering, oscillation, delay, etc. According to their induction method, inductors can be divided into self-inductance and mutual inductance. Inductors are usually represented by the letter L.
4. Diodes
A diode is a semiconductor device with unidirectional conductivity, allowing current to flow in one direction and blocking current flow in the other direction. Diodes are often used in circuits for functions such as rectification, detection, voltage regulation and switching. According to their materials and functions, diodes can be divided into silicon diodes, germanium diodes, rectifier diodes, light-emitting diodes, etc.
5. Transistors
A transistor is a semiconductor device that has functions such as amplification and switching, and is a core component in electronic circuits. Transistors include triodes and field-effect transistors. A triode has three electrodes: base, emitter, and collector, which can amplify current. A field-effect transistor is a voltage-controlled semiconductor device with characteristics such as high input impedance and low noise.
6. Integrated Circuit (IC)
Integrated circuits are electronic components that integrate multiple electronic components on a small substrate. They have the advantages of small size, light weight, and high reliability, and are widely used in various electronic devices. Integrated circuits include operational amplifiers, microprocessors, memories, logic gates, and other types, which realize the high integration and diversified functions of circuits.
7. Sensors
A sensor is a device that can sense and respond to a physical quantity (such as temperature, pressure, light, etc.) and convert these physical quantities into electrical signals for measurement, control or recording. Sensors play an important role in electronic devices in sensing environmental parameters and converting them into electrical signals.
8. Relays
A relay is an electrical control device. When the input quantity (such as current, voltage, temperature, etc.) reaches the specified value, its output circuit will jump, allowing a small current to control a large current, or to isolate weak current from strong current to protect the circuit and personal safety.
9. Connectors
Connectors are components used to connect circuit boards to other components, such as plugs, sockets, connection blocks, etc. Connectors play an important role in connecting and transmitting signals in electronic devices, ensuring the stable operation of circuit boards.
Common components on PCB boards include resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, integrated circuits, sensors, relays, and connectors, etc. These components play their own unique roles in electronic devices and together form a complex and stable circuit system.
For purchasing personnel of electronic equipment manufacturers, understanding the types and functions of these components will help them better select and use appropriate components and improve the performance and stability of electronic equipment.
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